SCD1 gene is an abundant isoform in adipose tissue, which encodes Stearoyl - CoA desaturase. Stearoyl - CoA desaturase (Δ9-desaturase) is a key enzyme associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which catalyzes the formation of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) ofrom saturated fatty acids (SFA) and regulates the metabolism of fatty acids and their level in the tissues.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the polymorphism Ala293Val of SCD1 gene and the content of fatty acids in the milk of cows. In this study, the effect of SCD1 gene polymorphism was studied in a population of 188 Polish Holstein – -Friesian cows. To estimate the genetic variability, we isolated the DNA, genotypes was determined bthe genotypes through PCR - RFLP method, created a database, and conducted a statistical analysis.
The results of this study show that mutation Ala293Val of SCD1 gene did not cause significant change in the overall fatty acid profile. The results of the analyzses suggests a trends (P≤0,10) tin whatich the C allele causes a decrease in the content of acids containing 16 carbon atoms, short - chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium - chain fatty acids (MCFA), in the milk of cows.